abstract：BACKGROUND:Although the majority of smokers initiate smoking during their teenage years, significant rates of initiation occur among young adults. Adolescents are more price sensitive than adults, but little is known about the impact of tobacco taxation on smoking initiation among young adults. Using a longitudinal des...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Zhang B,Cohen J,Ferrence R,Rehm J

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:New Mexico has the highest rate of drug-induced mortality in the United States. The contribution of prescription drugs to the total overdose death rate has not been adequately described. METHODS:A total of 1,906 unintentional drug overdose deaths occurring in 1994 to 2003 in New Mexico were analyzed. Uninte...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Mueller MR,Shah NG,Landen MG

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Financially disadvantaged populations are more likely to live in communities that do not support healthy choices. This paper investigates whether certain characteristics of the built environment are associated with obesity or coronary heart disease (CHD) risk among uninsured low-income women. METHODS:Using ...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Mobley LR,Root ED,Finkelstein EA,Khavjou O,Farris RP,Will JC

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A widely advocated strategy in public health is community-based health promotion. The aim of this study was to investigate the net effect of a cardiovascular disease prevention program (Hartslag Limburg) on cardiovascular risk factors after 5 years of intervention. DESIGN:Cohort study comparing 5-year mean ...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Schuit AJ,Wendel-Vos GC,Verschuren WM,Ronckers ET,Ament A,Van Assema P,Van Ree J,Ruland EC

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This study assessed the extent to which 20 large jail systems have implemented national recommendations for tuberculosis (TB) prevention and control in correctional facilities. METHODS:Data were collected through questionnaires to jail medical directors and TB control directors, observation at the jails, an...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Roberts CA,Lobato MN,Bazerman LB,Kling R,Reichard AA,Hammett TM

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Spatial-temporal trends in prostate cancer mortality are of interest because of the introduction and increasing use of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening test after 1986. This article describes spatial-temporal changes in U.S. prostate cancer mortality from 1968 to 1998. METHODS:Prostate cancer...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Rogerson PA,Sinha G,Han D

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The Institute of Medicine has called for increased population-based training for healthcare professions students, and particularly medical students. For this to be effective, students should receive such training in the locations where population-based approaches to care take place, such as public health dep...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Boex JR,Keck CW,Piatt E,Nunthirapikorn TN,Blacklow RS

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nondaily smokers are a growing subpopulation of smokers. Current cessation guidelines were developed for daily smokers, and how clinicians might help nondaily smokers is not clear. METHODS:Analyzing the 2000 National Health Interview Survey in 2004, we compared characteristics of nondaily smokers with never...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Tong EK,Ong MK,Vittinghoff E,Pérez-Stable EJ

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this article, we will provide an overview of the effects of witnessing violence on children and adolescents, discuss the importance of health clinicians inquiring about violence in the lives of children, and discuss the role of the clinician in educating parents about children's responses to violence. In addition, ...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Augustyn M,Groves BM

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Recently, end-of-life (EOL) issues have captured the attention of the public health community. This study reports a project to help state health departments better understand their potential role in addressing EOL issues and develop initial priorities for EOL activities. METHODS:The project involved two stud...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Rao JK,Alongi J,Anderson LA,Jenkins L,Stokes GA,Kane M

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:While the U.S. elderly population uses a disproportionate amount of healthcare resources, there is limited knowledge from prospective studies regarding the impact of lifestyle-related factors on costs in this group. The association was examined between smoking, drinking, exercise, body mass index (BMI), and ...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Leigh JP,Hubert HB,Romano PS

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiovascular diseases are major contributors to death, disability, disparities, and reduced quality of life in the United States. Successful prevention and control of these diseases requires a comprehensive approach applied across multiple public health settings and in all life stages. Individual lifestyle and behav...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Perdue WC,Mensah GA,Goodman RA,Moulton AD

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in the United States, affecting 2.3 million Americans. AF is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and poor quality of life. AF and its treatments result in high healthcare resource use and costs. OBJECTIVE:To develop a fra...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Valderrama AL,Dunbar SB,Mensah GA

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With low rates of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease as recently as 40 years ago, the rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in American Indians and Alaska Natives were exceedingly low. Despite recent large-scale efforts to eliminate health disparities in ethnic and minority populations, the impact among Ameri...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Galloway JM

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although a rich source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that may confer multiple health benefits, some fish contain methyl mercury (MeHg), which may harm the developing fetus. U.S. government recommendations for women of childbearing age are to modify consumption of high-MeHg fish to reduce MeHg exposure, wh...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： König A,Bouzan C,Cohen JT,Connor WE,Kris-Etherton PM,Gray GM,Lawrence RS,Savitz DA,Teutsch SM

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Examine the validity of using high-density electronic ecologic momentary assessment (EMA) to assess physical activity. EMA was further used to explore within- and between-subject variability in adolescent physical activity (PA) patterns. METHODS:Adolescents (n=526, 51% male) participated in EMA waves occurri...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Dunton GF,Whalen CK,Jamner LD,Henker B,Floro JN

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:For the first time, in 2002, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices encouraged the vaccination of healthy children 6 to 23 months against influenza, whenever feasible. Participating inner-city health centers designed interventions to introduce influenza vaccination among this group of children. The...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Nowalk MP,Zimmerman RK,Lin CJ,Ko FS,Raymund M,Hoberman A,Kearney DH,Greenberg DP

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer, and is also one of the most preventable. This paper builds on an evidence review of skin cancer prevention interventions that was conducted for the Guide to Community Preventive Services (n=85 studies), and summarizes the state of knowledge about research methodology and ...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Glanz K,Mayer JA

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Obesity is recognized as a risk factor for multiple chronic diseases. Yet, it is unclear whether obesity is also associated with an increased risk of nonfatal unintentional injury. METHODS:A population-based survey was conducted among adults aged > or = 18 years from January 1999 through October 2000. The r...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Xiang H,Smith GA,Wilkins JR 3rd,Chen G,Hostetler SG,Stallones L

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Regular physical activity is known to help prevent chronic disease and promote healthy aging. Yet, most older women are not regularly active. This study attempts to identify objectively measured attributes of the neighborhood environment that may be associated with physical activity levels in older women. M...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： King WC,Belle SH,Brach JS,Simkin-Silverman LR,Soska T,Kriska AM

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cancer survivors are more vulnerable to future cancers than individuals without cancer. As such, it is important to understand whether survivors are engaging in cancer screenings. METHODS:The screening practices reported in response to the 2000 Health Interview Survey of 2151 individuals with cancer were ex...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Trask PC,Rabin C,Rogers ML,Whiteley J,Nash J,Frierson G,Pinto B

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With global trends in population aging, many nations are developing and implementing healthy aging policies to promote quality as well as years of healthy life. To broaden the evidence base for such policy development, a review of the literature was conducted to summarize the existing evidence regarding the behavioral...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Peel NM,McClure RJ,Bartlett HP

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The proportion of tuberculosis (TB) cases diagnosed among residents of correctional facilities in Arizona increased from 2.7% in 1993 to 8.0% in 2000, while the national average remained at approximately 4%. The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of TB cases in Maricopa County, Arizona wit...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： MacNeil JR,McRill C,Steinhauser G,Weisbuch JB,Williams E,Wilson ML

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Physical inactivity is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Walking, an inexpensive and accessible activity, is protective against unhealthy outcomes. Little data on walking practices are available outside developed countries. This study estimated the prevalence and correlates of c...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Hallal PC,Azevedo MR,Reichert FF,Siqueira FV,Araújo CL,Victora CG

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The purpose of this paper is to establish the reliability and validity of a neighborhood-level measure of active living potential by applying principles of ecometrics. METHODS:Following a 3-day training session, observers (n =8) were provided with a map of a predetermined walking route constructed through t...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Gauvin L,Richard L,Craig CL,Spivock M,Riva M,Forster M,Laforest S,Laberge S,Fournel MC,Gagnon H,Gagné S,Potvin L

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Unintentional injuries are a leading cause of death in the United States. It is unclear, however, what proportion of these injuries occur in the home. The purpose of this paper is to quantify and describe fatal unintentional injuries that take place in the home environment. METHODS:Data from the National Vi...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Runyan CW,Casteel C,Perkis D,Black C,Marshall SW,Johnson RM,Coyne-Beasley T,Waller AE,Viswanathan S

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Older people with elevated blood pressure (BP) often have metabolic syndrome, a clustering of central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Exercise reduces many of these risk factors. This study examined whether the benefits of exercise on cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk fac...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Stewart KJ,Bacher AC,Turner K,Lim JG,Hees PS,Shapiro EP,Tayback M,Ouyang P

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Annual influenza-related hospitalization rates of children aged < 2 years in the United States are second only to those of the elderly. Yet no recommendations existed for vaccinating healthy children aged 6 to 23 months until 2002, when the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices encouraged influenza va...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Zimmerman RK,Hoberman A,Nowalk MP,Lin CJ,Greenberg DP,Weinberg ST,Bemm CW,Block B

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to estimate the total medical expenditures attributable to physical inactivity patterns among members of a large health plan, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota. METHODS:The study used a cost-of-illness approach to attribute medical and pharmacy costs for specific diseases to phy...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Garrett NA,Brasure M,Schmitz KH,Schultz MM,Huber MR

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Current research suggests that people with disabilities are more likely to use tobacco, less likely to quit, and less likely to be screened for tobacco use. However, little is known about the impact of changes in smoking status on the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of people with disabilities. OBJECT...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Mitra M,Chung MC,Wilber N,Klein Walker D

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine the effects of a multisite environmental prevention initiative, the "A Matter of Degree" (AMOD) program, on student heavy alcohol consumption and resultant harms at ten colleges. METHODS:A quasi-experimental longitudinal analysis of alcohol consumption and harms was employed, using repeated cross...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Weitzman ER,Nelson TF,Lee H,Wechsler H

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Four common factors--cigarette smoking, risky drinking of alcoholic beverages, physical inactivity, and overweight--contribute substantially to chronic disease prevalence. METHODS:We used data from the 2001 National Health Interview Survey to provide an up-to-date picture of multiple risk factor prevalence ...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Fine LJ,Philogene GS,Gramling R,Coups EJ,Sinha S

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The Hmong immigrated to the United States from Laos after the Vietnam conflict ended. Hmong encounter numerous readjustment issues, including health care. Traditional Hmong health beliefs and practices encompass more spiritual than biological etiologies. Hmong usually seek the first course of treatment from ...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Yang RC,Mills PK,Riordan DG

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Arthritis is the leading cause of disability in the United States. Obesity is a risk factor for arthritis, but the relationship between arthritis and weight has not been well characterized at the population level in the United States. Previous research shows that physicians often fail to advise their obese p...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Mehrotra C,Naimi TS,Serdula M,Bolen J,Pearson K

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) programs cost-effectively reduce colon cancer mortality. To improve the rate of colon cancer screening with FOBT, we tested the effect of mailing FOBT cards timed to appointments on the rates of completion of FOBT. DESIGN:Controlled trial. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS:A total of 1...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Goldberg D,Schiff GD,McNutt R,Furumoto-Dawson A,Hammerman M,Hoffman A

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Health promotion programs can be effective in improving the delivery of clinical preventive services and in improving population health; however, the availability of health promotion programs offered through physician organizations, such as medical groups and independent practice associations, are largely un...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： McMenamin SB,Schmittdiel J,Halpin HA,Gillies R,Rundall TG,Shortell SM

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Given the increased emphasis on chronic diseases in the United States, physicians and health survey analysts are now gathering information on patients' subjective measures of health, also known as health-related quality-of-life measures. Studies indicate that these measures can be more powerful predictors of...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Strine TW,Balluz L,Chapman DP,Moriarty DG,Owens M,Mokdad AH

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Social capital has been related to a number of important public health variables such as overall mortality, health status, and sexually transmitted infections (including AIDS case rates). However, the relationship of social capital to tuberculosis has received little attention. Because social capital may be ...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Holtgrave DR,Crosby RA

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Latino smokers are more likely than white non-Latino smokers to attempt cessation, but less likely to receive cessation advice from physicians or to use nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Proposed underlying causes have included lighter smoking, lower financial status, and less healthcare access. This study...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Levinson AH,Pérez-Stable EJ,Espinoza P,Flores ET,Byers TE

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The 2002 Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule clarified the definition of an invalid dose of vaccine as any dose administered >/=5 days before the minimum age or interval had elapsed. Any invalid dose of vaccine should be repeated. OBJECTIVE:Determine the proportion of U.S. children who received an i...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Stokley S,Maurice E,Smith PJ,Klevens RM

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00